The Health Care System Of The United States As A Whole Essay

The primary focus of this article was to inform its readers of the multiple aspects of the health care system in the United States as a whole. Within this article, the subjects of health care that are reviewed are a) the US government’s position as the insurer for roughly 60 percent of the healthcare spending in the US via the public sector, b) the analysis of the funding for government health care programs such as Medicare, Medicall, and Medicaid and c) the programs in place for the health care of children and program administration for war veterans. The author discusses health care policy being at the forefront of world economics and modern medical science as it sets in motion governing policies and procedure associated with the financial funding and pharmaceutical appropriation of health care insurance. In the article, Totic presents the notion of health policy in the US and abroad as an irrefutable necessity as well as for health policies to be simple and in many ways effe ctive when it came to proper execution of health procedures and proper distribution of both health information and other resources used in the health care setting. The author expresses the goal of an effective health care policy as one that ultimately governs and helps maintain the management of quality of life experienced by the citizens in the United States. The main focus of the health care policy to be able to both assists in activities for consumption of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs and thingsShow MoreRelatedA Paradigm Shift to Complementary and Alternative Medicine806 Words   |  4 Pageslast century, religion, spirituality, and science have all played a major role in health care, although they have never been integrated with traditional medical science in the United States. Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is a set of medical and health care systems, practices, and products that are not part or integrated as part of Western medicine which is the dominant hea lth care system in the United States. Religion and spirituality have both played dominant roles in healing since theRead MoreSocio Economic Inequality Factors Towards Health1504 Words   |  7 Pages Socio-Economic Inequality Factors Towards Health Michaela Branker b0607501 SWLF-1006 Serena Kataoka: Final Essay April 6, 2016 Socioeconomics, as defined by The American Psychological Association, â€Å"is commonly conceptualized as the social standing or class of an individual or group. It is often measured as a combination of education, income and occupation.† Socioeconomic inequality is the mal and unequal treatment of individuals. Typically, based on the amount of income they are ableRead MoreHcs/440 Individual Essay755 Words   |  4 PagesEconomic Terms and Health Care History Amber Rainwater HCS/440 Economics: The History of Health Care February 26, 2012 Health Care History Throughout the history of the United States, the economics of the health care system has experienced many changes. There are many factors to consider that has been the drive behind many of the changes within the health care system. Medical and surgical technologies are some factors that relate to the changes in health care. Besides these factors, allocatingRead MoreNational Committee Of Quality Assurance Of Health Insurers Essay896 Words   |  4 PagesNational Committee of Quality Assurance of health insurers in the United States. It is a private non-for profit organization that has driven the improvement of health care quality across the United States since 1990. Most health organizations in the United States are looking for that type of accreditation to ensure their quality. The CHP plan has many benefits applied and guaranteed by Cigna PPO which is one of the top ranking health insurers in New York State according to the NCQA and has a nationalRead MoreHealth Care Systems Are Different In Every Country Around1603 Words   |  7 PagesHealth care systems are different in every country around the world. There are four main components that complete a health care delivery system, described by Shi and Singh (2015) as the quad-function model, which includes insurance, financing, payment and delivery of care (p. 5). Along with the components of the quad-function model it is important to analyze a countries access to care, their health outcomes and how public health is integrated into the health care delivery system. The United StatesRead MoreHealth Care Vs. Healthcare System1052 Words   |  5 PagesLife is precious and unique to each existing individual in the whole universe. Body system requires functioning well in order to be active to perform daily liv ing activities. Unfortunately, there are many health related issues and diseases that have been serious challenges to human kind. Diseases such as cancer, HIV, chronic illnesses, unpredicted accidents, and many others have been unavoidable situation for some people. Each ethnicity groups also are genetically tied to a certain type of illnessesRead MoreHealthcare Between Canada And The United States1240 Words   |  5 Pageshealthcare status between Canada and the United States. Canada and the United States have a totally different healthcare system. Many people argued that the United States healthcare system needs some upgrading, while, some people admire Canada’s healthcare system due to the fact that Canada’s healthcare does more for less. Research has shown that Canada spends less of its’ GDP on it’s healthcare yet performs better than the United States. Canada and the United States have quite a few differences in theirRead MoreThe Non Profit Organizations1577 Words   |  7 Pagesthat has taken steps to excel in the health care field by providing cost effective and efficient care to their community. In lecture this week, we have learned that the key system concepts are: shared vision, shared reality, people, parts, interrelationships, leverage, adaptability and iterative learning.1 The article: Grand Junction, Colorado: A Health Community That Works, is an example of a patient-centered medical home that currently exists in the United States, and should be looked at as a possibleRead MoreSicko: Health Insurance1226 Words   |  5 Pagesanother health care system for the US? Sources : The movie ‘Sicko’ Outline Introduction What is the movie about? 1st body paragraph Topic sentence: What is wrong about the American health care system? Support: 2nd body paragraph Topic sentence: What are the possibilities to change it? Support : 3rd body paragraph Topic sentence: And if they are going to change it, which healthcare system would they take as an example? Conclusion: The health care system in theRead MoreComparing Public Vs Private Health Care Systems Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesI address the question: ‘Health care is always an important topic of debate. Often this debate occurs in terms that compare public versus private health care systems. After showing how the public option is associated with welfare state liberalism and the private option with neo-conservatism, which option do you prefer and why?’, and I argue that a public health care system reflects a stronger more stable country. In regards to health care, there can be two ideologies that can be linked to each other

Langston Hughes - A Literary Genius Essay - 2076 Words

Langston Hughes (1902-1967), one of the most prominent figures in the world of Harlem, has come to be an African American poet as well as a legend of a variety of fields such as music, childrens literature and journalism. Through his poetry, plays, short stories, novels, autobiographies, childrens books, newspaper columns, Negro histories, edited anthologies, and other works, Hughes is considered a voice of the African-American people and a prime example of the magnificence of the Harlem Renaissance who promoted equality, condemned racism and injustice that the Negro society endured, and left behind a precious literary and enduring legacy for the future generations. In an endeavor to explore why and to what extent his poetry has still†¦show more content†¦society. Besides, delivering his poetry from his heart, Hughes made many black readers feel as though everyday practices of their lives was portrayed in his writing, as writer Ishmael Reed once said, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“We shou ld honor Langston Hughes for his ability to say what was in souls of millionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? . In a 1996 essay on Langston Hughes Collected Poems in the New Republic, Helen Vendler, one of Americas top poetry critics, echoed Rampersadà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s point when she said that most of his poems are accessible to anyone who can read, and even the more allusive ones generally mention events that were, at the time, in the daily newspapers . In addition, when mentioning of Hughesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ masterpiece à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ The Negro Speak of Riversà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, Kevin Powell, writer, founding staff member and former senior writer for Vibe magazine who helped introduce the hip-hop generation to Hughes work, noted, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Any group can relate to that piece. If youre an immigrant coming from Ireland or Italy, or a Jew who has escaped Nazi Germany, or if youre a woman, you can relate to that piece _ or if youre gay or lesbian, or obviously if youre African-American. However, behind their apparent simplicity, the glory of Langston Hughes poems was to use many symbols to illustrate his main themes and still maintain the elements of profundity, humor and irony in the meanings such as those in à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Ku Kluxà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The Negro Speak of Riversà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“What Happened to a Dream Deferred ?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“I, too, SingShow MoreRelatedJames Mecer Langston Hughes: Literary Genius1763 Words   |  8 PagesLiterary Genius James Mercer Langston Hughes was born February 1, 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. James Hughes and Carrie Langston are Hughes’ parents. They later divorced when Hughes was young. After his parents divorced he went to live with his grandmother until he turned thirteen years old. At thirteen years old he moved to Lincoln, Illinois. After living in Illinois he later moved to Cleveland, Ohio to live with his mother. When he moved to Cleveland he started writing poetry (â€Å"James Mercer†¦Ã¢â‚¬  parRead MoreLangston Hughes Essay1084 Words   |  5 PagesLangston Hughes was a large influence on the African-American population of America. Some of the ways he did this was how his poetry influenced Martin Luther King Jr. and the Harlem Renaissance. These caused the civil rights movement that resulted in African-Americans getting the rights that they deserved in the United States. Hughes was born in 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. His parents divorced when he was young and his grandmother raised him. She got him into literature and education; she was one ofRead MoreAnalysis of Langston Hughes ´ The Negro Speaks of Rivers927 Words   |  4 PagesLangston Hughes A Poetic of the Harlem Renaissance During the Harlem Renaissance copious African Americans writers arose from this movement including Claude McKay, Zora Neale Hurston, Countee Cullen, and especially Langston Hughes. Langston Hughes has endured hardships from the time his parents separated to being raised in different cities. Hughes has tried multiple times to reconnect with his father, but it never succeeded. Although Langston Hughes has a complicated relationship with his fatherRead More Langston Hughes Essay1464 Words   |  6 Pages Langston Hughes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People always listen to music, watch movies or plays, and even read poetry without once even thinking what is could be that helps and artist eventually create a masterpiece. Often times, it is assumed that artists just have a â€Å"gift†, and people just do not consider the circumstances and situations that gradually mold a dormant idea into a polished reality. This seems to be the case with nearly every famous actor, writer, painter, or musician; including the ever-famousRead MoreThe Innate Genius Behind By Langston Hughes944 Words   |  4 PagesLangston Hughes was a pioneer of African-American literature and while he wrote an abundance of short stories, essays and plays, he is most well-known for his poetry. The innate genius behind these poems was that he wrote about the everyday lives of American men and women using simple and easily relatable language to invoke a sense of grand importance that most people could understand. His poetry presents a commentary in which both races can begin to better understand one another and also critiquesRead MoreLangston Hughes And His Harlem Dream1902 Words   |  8 PagesLangston Hughes and His Harlem Dream An explosion of written and artistic creativity, a time of social awareness and enlightenment among the black race. The Harlem Renaissance, originally known as ‘The New Negro Movement’, began after the first world war and lasted until the middle of the 1930’s depression. Harlem became a destination for African Americans throughout the early 1900’s as part of the great migration. As more blacks made Harlem their home, it increasingly became well known as an AfricanRead More Reviews of Notes of a Native Son Essay1238 Words   |  5 Pagescame to the conclusion that Baldwin’s use of words was extremely eloquent and intelligent. Specifically an article titled â€Å"Rage unto Order† by Dachine Rainer was very adamant about Baldwin’s genius as a writer but hardly did anything to explain or exemplify that fact. Another review written by Langston Hughes reflects upon how Baldwin clings to the issue of racial discrimination on Negroes and that if he let go of that fact it would prove him to be a greater writer. In the third article the authorRead MoreClaude Mckay s Harlem Dancer And Ended Around 1929 Essay1535 Words   |  7 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance began in 1918 with the publication of Claude McKay’s â€Å"Harlem Dancer† and ended around 1929. During this period, there was a wave of literary works by, and about, Blacks. The Harlem Renaissance was a period of great intellectual expression as well as introspection (Bodenner). There were several key moments and individuals that made this era of time historical. African American artists rejected imitating the ideals of white Americans and championed black artistic expression onRead More Writers of the Harlem Renaissance Essay2535 Words   |  11 PagesHarlem, a part of Manhattan in New York City, became a hugely successful showcase for African American talent. Starting with black literature, the Harlem Renaissance quickly grew to incredible proportions. W.E.B. Du Bois, Claude McKay, and Langston Hughes, along with many other writers, experienced incredible popularity, respect, and success. Art, music, and photography from blacks also flourished, resulting in many masterpieces in all mediums. New ideas began to take wings among circles of blackRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance : An Important Piece Of History For America1473 Words   |  6 Pagesmost of it while it lasts. About twice a year I sell a story. It is acclaimed. I am a genius in the making. Thank God for this Negro literary renaissance. Long may it flourish!† Thurman made this statement to show how thankful he was for the Harlem Renaissance movement and for his opportunity to be a writer. Another great man of the Harlem Renaissance was a African American male by the name of Langston Hughes. Hughes was and is still a very famous author and poet. He is extremely popular due to the

The Report Presented below Discusses about the Accounting Standard

Question: What Is the Different Accounting Standards in Context of Draft? Answer: Introduction: Research on lobbying standards was conducted since year 1980. One of thing in this regard that is of high interest is finding linkage between the several lobby groups and decision makers. Some of the articles presented and listed in Australian dean council list have been done by introducing a detailed content analysis for identifying the possible connection between lobby groups and decision makers. Accounting is likely to change in future and is constantly changing. Change in accounting standards and the reason is attributable to and has been modelled as lobbying. Standards proposals receives publicly comment by the lobby groups (Al-Htaybat and von Alberti-Alhtaybat 2013). Discussion: An important basis for the managerial performance and measurement of firms are the accounting standards. The examination of the way incentives of auditors influence the lobbying across every financial reporting standard. Various articles span the different accounting issues and it seeks to compare lobbying over long time series. The lobbying of auditors over the reliability of proposed accounting standards have been focused. One of the fundamental quality characteristics is reliability as identified by Financial accounting standard board. Auditors are capable of influencing financial reporting standards at their very genesis by participating in standard setting process through a comment letter lobbying (Baxter 2014). However, the empirical evidence of auditors are limited. Article focuses about group of auditors who are most likely to consistently lobby across standards. Lobbying and accounting regulations: Lobbying is regarded as the vital part of international standard accounting board. The influence of lobbying by auditors incentives have aroused from three basic factors. This involves catering to preference to clients for flexibility in General Accepted Accounting Principle and this will be mainly aligned with FASB and that is related to using of fair value in accounting and managing regulatory costs and expected litigation. It has been ascertained by several evidence there are several factors involved in auditor lobbying. Regulatory scrutiny and supporting the fair value of accounting and prevailing standards of litigation are responsible for auditor lobbying (Biondi and Zambon 2013). However, no evidence was found regarding the driving of auditors lobbying relating to preferences of client for flexibility in GAAP. Three broad non mutually exclusive economic factors have been identified that will shape the lobbying incentive of auditors on reliability over time. In the first part, lobbying of auditors in response to regulatory exposure and changing litigation has been investigated. The proposed accounting standards have been focused with auditors lobbying over its reliability. It has been found that the nature of auditors lobbying has been associate with auditing issues and lawsuits against auditors. In Europe and USA, the setting of completely standard accounting relates to political process. Some of the research relates to research on accounting standard lobbying, it detects the connection between lobby groups, and decision makers by analyzing the statement that are publicly available (Bonin 2013). This also takes place in event of low transparency in setting process of standards. For instance, German commercial code is taken that provides some insights and specific of German lobbying has bee n taken into consideration. People who plan an important role in landscape of German lobbying are the lobby groups who are mostly audit and industry associations. For the modernization of modern GAAP in year 2008, a foist ministry draft law was published by German Ministry of Justice. Draft comprised of some suggestion relating to German Commercial code that would have enormous impact on structural foundation of German accounting (Dyckman and Zeff 2015). Enormous impact was mainly on principles of proper bookkeeping. A government draft law was proposed for the modernization of German GAAP. Some of different accounting standards that have been discussed are as follows: Different accounting standards in context of draft: Fair value of accounting for financial instrument held for trading- As per the law proposed in draft, financial instruments that is held for trading should be valued at fair value. Companies that have obligation of keeping the records would have be mandatory as per this regulation. Relation to German commercial code to International Financial reporting standard- According to capital market oriented groups in Germany, most of companies are not obliged, as there already exist obligation to report. Capitalization of internally generated tangible assets- Some of the internally generated capital assets needs to be capitalized as per envisions of further change. Concerning this, there was no substantial deviation between government draft law and suggestion of ministry (Englund and Gerdin 014). Reserved authoritativeness principle- Financial reporting law and taxation law are thought to be strongly interwoven. Taxation law can be applied in financial reporting and the basis for taxation purpose is build according to financial reporting law. One final reporting package is calculated that serve as basis for dividend payment, taxation and general purpose of financial reporting. Such correlation was partly relinquished with the modernization. Tax effects of modernization- Modernization of German GAAP comes with explicit aim that results in same tax revenue. This indicates that companies are not required to pay more or less taxes (Li 2014). In Germany, Transparency relating to political lobbying is very low. Some the studies conducted on lobbying on accounting standards categorize the comments of lobbyist in three classes. In this part of report, the changing trend is use to explain the extent to which auditor lobbying can be explained. Since 1990s, the proposition of accounting standards using methodologies fair value has increased. A shift toward fair value accounting at the Financial accounting standard board has increased by representation with the agenda (Jaggi 2015). Auditors can report the agenda and this is indicated by the extent to which fair value agenda does not detract from the incentives of auditors (Mohammadi 2015). Such task has enabled them in extracting rent from other FASB issues. With the proposed use of methodologies of fair value in accounting, the auditors lobbying over decreased reliability has been examined. Some of other research accounted for motivation for fierce lobbying against the standards and how the price of stock o some firms were affected by that. Related to the adoption of standard, there was negative abnormal return key events (Quinn 2014). This particular evidence was interpreted as the managers lobbied against the standards for maximizing the personal wealth and value of shareholders. Few authors in the process of setting of accounting standard provided an example of research. UK standard setting processing was examined and hidden influences was raised by few notion and this played a significant role in standard process of setting. It was stressed that the investigation are not restricted to activity of lobbying and statements of public submission. The literature of accounting setting was not sufficiently acknowledged by the influences that are not visible publicly. There was considerable discussion between interested parties and regulators throughput the setting process of accounting standard. Most the part was not included in public domain. This evidence is an example of informal lobbying (Penman 2013). Some unseen influences that occurred within the process of regulation are not supported by such lobbying incidence that included research of standard setting of accounting. In event of when there is no apparent connection between standard setting process and output and some space is provided in other unseen process that is considered to having influence on process. the literature of accounting standard is one of the type of lobbying activities. The outcome of accounting standard setting process was examined by inferring the existence of unseen influences. Exposure drafts represented the visible input into the standard setting process. In the event of outcome being contrary to the expectations, it can be inferred that the unseen influences will be occurring within the settings of standard. Converting the influence will result in eventual IFRS. One of the most intense politicized argument relating accounting was the continuation of lobbying against the standards. International Accounting standards committee addressed this issue at the international level and this event was marked as addressing of the historical controversy (Gaffikin and Aitken 2014). Conclusion: The existence flexible and existence accounting standards was not allowed to continue when IFRS 6 was raised by IASB in year 2008. Such standard were codified into international accounting standard. Some of the influences such as draft and comment paper and those effects are visible in the outcome. Unseen or hidden influences concerning the above discussion needs to be recognized and sometimes the footprints left on them outcome are identified. Some of the major players in setting of accounting standards have invisible influence and this depicts the explanation for inaction of the IASB. There is a need to assess the standard setting process. Some of unproblematic access are offered by publicly available information and some of the thing in area of substantial accounting flexibility concerns accounting for restoration and removal expense. The above discussion widely discuss and acknowledged politicization of accosting standard setting. In the light of adoption of International financi al reporting standards and worldwide promotions, the revelation concerning economically dominant groups would be able to wield such power. Reference: Al-Htaybat, K. and von Alberti-Alhtaybat, L., 2013. Management Accounting Theory Revisited: Seeking to Increase Research Relevance.International Journal of Business and Management,8(18), p.12. Baxter, W.T., 2014.Accounting theory. Routledge. Biondi, Y. and Zambon, S. eds., 2013.Accounting and business economics: Insights from national traditions. Routledge. Bonin, H., 2013.Generational accounting: theory and application. Springer Science Business Media. Dyckman, T.R. and Zeff, S.A., 2015. Accounting Research: Past, Present, and Future.Abacus,51(4), pp.511-524. Englund, H. and Gerdin, J., 2014. Structuration theory in accounting research: Applications and applicability.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,25(2), pp.162-180. Fleming, D., 2016. ACCTG 660 Seminar in Accounting Theory. Gaffikin, M. and Aitken, M., 2014.The Development of Accounting Theory (RLE Accounting): Significant Contributors to Accounting Thought in the 20th Century. Routledge. Jaggi, B., 2015. RESEARCH IN FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING ACCOUNTING THEORY II (26: 010: 652) Fall 2015. Li, W., 2014. Problems of Fair Value Accounting Theory in Practice.Journal of Hubei Water Resources Technical College,1, p.010. Mohammadi, S., 2015. Full development of the theory of accounting and auditing.International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies,3(1), pp.7-9. Penman, S., 2013. Accounting standard setting: Thoughts on developing a conceptual framework.China Journal of Accounting Studies,1(3-4), pp.157-167. Quinn Jr, E., 2014. The Evolution of Accounting Theory in Response to Market Changes.International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,4(10), p.509.

Going Beyond free essay sample

Remembering what the guides told me, I did my best to control my trembling hands. My life depended on confident steps and a firm grip. There were no ropes or harnesses. Thousands of miles from home, terrified, we climbed up a vertical wall of snow on the side of a mountain. One wrong step and I’d plummet to my death. A line of people followed behind me and if I stopped, I’d hold everyone up. Don’t look down. I did. Had we really climbed that far in one day? â€Å"Okay, let’s play a game. 20 questions?† I need something to get our minds off of where we are and what we are doing. Then, it hit me. We have to keep going. Left foot. Right foot. Ice ax. Left foot. Right foot. Ice ax. Above the tree line, I looked around amazed at the beauty. The vibrant sun set behind the mountains. We will write a custom essay sample on Going Beyond or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Id never been exposed to anything so surreal or so pure. I snap back to reality. The sun is setting. Its going to be dark soon. How much further? I hear the sobs from my friends behind me. â€Å"Alright,† I say. â€Å"Im thinking of a person.† We continue to climb, and with each step, I feel my legs growing weaker. But I dont let it stop me from moving. I cant. My hands are cold but I gave my gloves to someone who needed a better pair. Theyll be numb soon enough. My backpack grew heavier the higher we climbed and my sholders ached with pain. Tess begins to panic. â€Å"Go in front of me. Youll be closer to Kim,† I say. She doesn’t need to say anything. Coming over a peak, I see rock slabs. Those look like the rocks we camped on last night. Disappointment fills us as we discover that those slabs are only the back-up campsite – the site we’d use if we couldnt reach our real one in time. We need to make a group decision whether to continue to the planned campsite in the dark, or stay here for the night. The guides decide the best thing for us is to camp here. Were done. Having to go a little further the next morning doesnt bother me. Im so proud of what Ive accomplished. For the first time in my life I was pushed beyond my breaking point. There was no going to my parents for help, and no walking away. My strength had to come from within. I wouldve given anything to be home with my family. But I decided to go on that trip for a reason. Maybe I felt I had something to prove to people. Maybe I did it because my friends were doing it. But actually, I did it for me. Confident in myself, knowing that no matter how difficult it was, Id push through. We wake up early on day four. There’s time to make up. Confidence overcomes me after yesterday’s struggle. Awaiting the next challenge, I’m eager to begin. Taking in everything around me, I’m no longer scared to look down. And then I ask another question: â€Å"Have you guys ever heard of the alphabet game?†

Eve Of St. Anges Essays - Madeline, Fiction, Literature,

Eve Of St. Anges Someone once said that true love is only an illusion and can never be achieved. This is evidently shown through many elements of the poem by John Keats, "The Eve of St. Agnes." Much of this poem is about the imagination and how it can blind people and make them oblivious to the true events that are occurring. We the readers can see this very easily through the portrayal of one of the main characters Madeline. The second main character Porphyro tries to authenticate her quest for a dream experience however ends up taking advantage of her while she thinks she is still dreaming. The poem does endorse how the power of Madeline's visionary imagination can influence her and the others around her, but also that happenings outside of the dream can cause the person in the dream to be taken advantage of with out the dreamers knowledge. The truth is that Porphyro knows exactly what he is doing and instead of doing things in a honorable way, he decides to proceed in a dishonorable way and totally violates her visionary imagination. The night that is being spoken of in this poem is a night of dreams and imagination. It is supposed to be a mystical night in which young women have dreams of their one true love. Madeline takes this to a totally different level in that she totally succumbs to the mystical ability of the night and totally loses her mind. In that she doesn't even know if she is still dreaming or if she is wake. Some interpretations of the poem say that she is wake and know what she is doing. However, I believe the contrary that she doesn't know what she is doing. "Hoodwink'd with faery fancy." (70) Most of what she does is due to the mystical feeling the night causes. A mind can play may tricks and the mind can make it so that it has no concept of time or whether it is wake or still dreaming. One of the few times in the book that she sort of knows that she is wake is when Porphyro enter her room and tries to wake her as gently as possible in that she never truly wakes up and remains in a dream like state. He awakes her very softly, "He play'd an ancient ditty, long since mute, /In Provence call'd ?La belle dame sans mercy.'"(291-292) I find this to be quite odd because this poem is about hoodwinking. Why would he do this to wake her sleeping? If you are hoodwinking someone you are trying to dupe, trick or fool them and the only way that Porphyro can do this is to keep her in a dream like state. This very softly and sweetly awakens her and now "Her eyes were open, but she still beheld, now wide awake, the vision of her sleep"(298-299) This tells me that she is now awake but in her subconscious she is still dreaming. She has no clue as to what she is doing at this point in time. She truly believes that she is still asleep and she is just dreaming. After he has done the deed and she is still sleeping he awakes her and she tries to him about here dream. Upon hearing this Porphyro says, "This is no dream, my bride, my Madeline" (326) in an attempt to wake her up so she know what she is doing. I think that he tries to do this so that he doesn't look like the bad guy, in that, the only way that he can get a beautiful bride is by hoodwinking her. Upon hearing this Madeline is very distraught by this and she proceeds to say "No Dream, alas! Alas! and woe is mine! / Porphyro will leave me here and fade to pine. ---"(328-329) All this has happened after he has already violated her dreams and has done things that young gentlemen at that time were not supposed to do. As Jack Stillinger said "We must leave or world behind, where stratagems like Porphyro's are frowned on, sometimes in criminal courts, and enter an world where ?in sooth such things have been' (P.75)" All gentlemen were supposed to be honorable and were supposed to address all aspects of their life in a very noble way. All this evidently shows that a visionary imagination is so powerful that Madeline cannot control it and Porphyro uses it to his advantage. It sure fooled Madeline

Great Expectations - The Character Of Mrs Joe Essays - Free Essays

Great Expectations - The Character Of Mrs Joe Essays - Free Essays Great Expectations - The Character Of Mrs Joe Great Expectations - Mrs. Joe The importance of Mrs. Joe in Great Expectations has two major parts: the significance of the character, and the symbolism of the character. The signifance of Mrs. Joe is to complete the figure of Joe The symbolism of Mrs. Joe is actually the physical manifestation of Joe's fears in combination with his desire for a commanding father-figure. First, Mrs. Joe's reign of terror is obviously necessary for Joe's existence. In the beginning of Great Expectations, Joe requires identification as a major character. Without the weakness that Mrs. Joe instills in Joe via her reign of terror, Joe never develops to a major character. Joe is identified as a compassionate, sensitive character, and the most direct way to display this feature is to have the character appear vulnerable. Mrs. Joe serves as the tyrant for which Joe is made helpless. Joe, unless he is a scared character, does not recognize the friend he has in Pip. Without Joe as a major role in Pip's life, Pip also seems very incomplete. Second, Mrs. Joe also serves as the comical interlude of an otherwise sombre story. When she had exhausted a torrent of such inquiries, she threw a candlestick at Joe, burst into a loud sobbing, got out the dustpan which was always a very bad sign put on her coarse apron, and began cleaning up to a terrible extent. Not satisfied with a dry cleaning, she took to a pail and scrubbing-brush, and cleaned us out of house and home,... Truly, a frightening creature is that that may destroy a household by cleaning when anger besets her. Third, the comedy also has a serious side, though, as we remember our mothers exerting their great frustrations upon the household tasks of cleanliness. So, Mrs. Joe serves very well as a mother to Pip. Besides the age difference and the motherly duties of housekeeping for Pip and Joe, the attitude of a scornful mother is also apparent. This, of course, draws Joe even closer to Pip, by relation. Mrs. Joe serves as link to make it so that Joe appears very much to be the father of Pip. In addition, Joe, although terrified of Mrs. Joe, is a very honorable man and would never consider divorcing his wife. Through this condition, however, Joe appears to be even a more honorable man to choose to preserve the sacred marriage rather than seek his comfort. It is ironic that Mrs. Joe be referred to as Mrs. Joe constantly when there doesn't seem to much a part of Joe in her. The main purpose it serves is probably to characterize Mrs. Joe as a more masculine, and, therefore, typically more commanding, character. In the tradition of marriage, the wife usually gives up her last name to show that she is property of the man, therefore it is especially ironic that she be called Mrs. Joe when it is clear that Joe, rather, belongs more to her than vice-versa. It is also ironic that Joe be the one that seems to be stuck in tough situation in his marraige. Often, in this time, women suffered from the abuse of their husbands and expected to keep the marriage together regardless. However, Joe is clearly the one being abused in this story and he also is the only one decent enough to care enough about the marraige to try and keep it together by enduring the abuse of Mrs. Joe. Fifth, through love, Joe shows the audience that truly he is not just a very timid man but a whole-hearted man. Truly, it takes a loving man to stay in love with such a woman as Mrs. Joe. No kissing ever took place between Joe and Mrs. Joe (much less child birth), and it becomes clear to the reader that the relationship between Joe and Mrs. Joe is a very one-way relationship. It would seem that Joe cares enough for Mrs. Joe, though Mrs. Joe never once seems to show a bit of compassion for Joe. Illustration of this can be seen in Mrs. Joe's numerous dorogatory references to being married to a lowly blacksmith. Surely, after Mrs. Joe dies, Joe reflects upon how

In what ways has social inequality been regarded as a context for Essay

In what ways has social inequality been regarded as a context for crime in the work Marxist and Left Realist criminologits - Essay Example that as long as people have different interests and as long as some individual groups hold more power than others then crime will always be in existence. This is because of the differentials in the power and interests of the human condition such that crime will always be a part of us. Similarly with the overthrow of the mode of production for the capitalists there will emerge the natural goodness of the humanity and this will further lead to no more criminal behaviour. The main ideologies in Marxism include the concept of crime, the cause of crime and the cure for crime. In the cause for crime the theorists refuse to pass the moral judgement since they view the criminal conduct to be morally neutral without any intrinsic properties which distinguish it from any conforming behaviour. On the other hand crime does not exist until there is a powerful interest group which is able to criminalize the activities of another group which is less powerful. Some people view crime as the revolutionary actions by those who are downtrodden in the society and others view it as the acts which are socially harmful by a class of traitors while others yet see it as the violations of the human rights. On the concept of crime the law tends to favour those who are more powerful but not any specified group. The group is more likely to be favoured if it has greater wealth more power as well as prestige in the society. This is a very powerful tool that is used by the ruling class who criminalizes the workers activities which are harmful to its interests while ignoring their own socially harmful behaviour. From the neo-Marxism came the most poplar theory of crime and the core of the Marxist is the class struggle concept. According to the Marxists the oppressors were the wealth owners who were also known as the bourgeoisie and they had the means of production and on the other hand the oppressed were the working class who were the proletariat. Also according to the Marxists the ruling class

Managing Business Processes& Information Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing Business Processes& Information - Essay Example In the recent phenomenon, it has been widely considered that customers are among the biggest assets of any form of business in the modern day business scenario. The performance of any business unit is therefore largely dependent on the approaches and perceptions of the customers towards the business and its products and/or services (Brandi, 2001). Subsequently, the concept of customer service comes into being. Aspects, such as gaining customer loyalty and their retention over a long time-period, comprise the approach of the companies towards managing the customers effectively. Theoretically, customer’s services are referred to the provisions or the approaches followed by contemporary business units in serving their customers with the sole intention to augment their brand value and correspondingly, increase brand loyalty for the products/services on offer under the brand. It is the process that companies follow while dealing with the customers before and after the purchase of t he product to ensure highest possible satisfaction to the buyers. This not only facilitates companies to attain maximisation of their profit level but also ensures the overall sustainable development of the company, assisting it to suffice the stakeholders’ interests to a substantial extent. As per the principle of customer services, organisations are also directed to be responsive towards the complaints of the customers and their expectations from the business and strategize their move accordingly in alignment with the market trends (Slack, & et. al., 2011; Svendsen, 1998). This will make sure that the customers are satisfied, rewarding maximum loyalty to the business units, which further determines due compliance of the statement by Dr. W Edwards Deming - â€Å"Keep the customers coming back; not the products.† In this context, the paper intends to conduct an elaborate discussion on the statement of Dr. W. Edwards Deming with focus on its central theme. Furthermore, the paper also emphasises replicating the various dimensions of the statement by illustrating the case scenario witnessed in Tesco, a global retail chain that is currently dealing with the problem of weak customer services. Accordingly, certain recommendations for improvement will also be provided to the same. Explaining the Central Focus of the Statement – â€Å"Keep the Customers Coming Back; Not the Products† by Dr. W Edwards Deming It is evident that customers are one of the most prominent stakeholders for any sort of business and they tend to have a direct and strong impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of the business through responding to the company’s operation. Thus, it is important that in order to attract the attention of the customers, companies need to come up with various diverse ideas in order to preserve the interests of the customers as intact towards the business for a longer period of time. Contextually, it can be

The effectiveness of SSL and Certification authentication and how can Research Paper

The effectiveness of SSL and Certification authentication and how can the client be better protected - Research Paper Example Clients deserve to know how their personal information is being stored and what it being done to protect their information from getting into the wrong hands. To this end, the SSL and Certificate Authentication processes have been developed and refined over the years to better protect the client and enhance the security of information stored digitally and electronically via the Internet and other mediums (Alnatheer, 2014). The problem is that the Internet is increasingly becoming a place where the transmission of private information, such as credit card data, is a potentially dangerous activity that could result in the data being intercepted by hackers that would seek to do harm. The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the concepts of the secure socket layer (SSL) and certificate authentication in order to determine how the client can be better protected. The objective is to determine how this technology is currently being utilized to make the transmission of electronic data via the Internet safer and more secure, while also looking at potential barriers to security that must be addressed moving forward. Failure to address these important issues will undermine the very integrity of the Internet and potentially lead to a general populace that is leery of trusting Web sites with their most private and confidential of information. Research questions are invaluable to the researcher in terms of guiding hi or her in the proper direction, in addition to working to ensure that the project remains focused and relevant to the reader. In consideration of this, this particular study has several main questions that, when answered, will lead to the conclusions that form the basis for chapter 5. This will enable the reader to effectively ascertain the need to keep clients safe when transmitting information online, and how SSL and certificate authentication can help to make this possible. Authentication Certificate - Digital certificate

Thomas Aquinas Impact On Western Thought Through Time Philosophy Essay

Thomas Aquinas Impact On Western Thought Through Time Philosophy Essay St. Thomas Aquinas was an Italian philosopher and theologian living between 1225 -1274 of the medieval period. Aquinas began his education at Montecassino, a monastery which became his first battle site. Thomas was later transferred to the University of Naples in France; this is where he came into contact with a newly found mendicant order of Preachers or Dominicans, and Aristotles philosophy. Aquinas became a Dominican, against the will of his family and eventually went to Paris to study, before going to Cologne with Albert the Great, a philosopher whose interest in Aristotle reinforced Aquinass own predilections  [1]  . Aquinas was a classical proponent of the natural theology at the onset of European Scholasticism, and is regarded as the founder of the Thomism school of philosophy and theology. Aquinass philosophy significantly influenced subsequent Christian theology, particularly that of the Roman Catholic Church, as well as Western philosophy in general. Thomass most signif icant and enduring works include the Summa Theologica  [2]  , an article that systematically expounds his mysticism of the quinquae viae and the Summa Contra Gentiles. Aquinas was well known for his contribution to Christian theology, but he was also a classical Aristotelian as well as an Empiricist, and he significantly influenced these two ideas of Western thought. Aquinas believed that truth is well revealed through both natural revelation and supernatural revelation-through faith as in the scripture, for these two elements, Aquinas was careful enough to separate them in a complementary rather than contradictory manner. He argued that, although Gods existence and His attributes may be easily deduced, specific aspects such as the Trinity and Incarnation may only be revealed through special revelation. As mentioned above, His two outstanding works are the Summa Contra Gentiles translated and published in English as the On the Truth of the Catholic Faith, and the Summa Theologica known as the Compendium of Theology. The former piece was broadly intended for non-Christians; while the latter significantly addresses Christians and is more of a philoso phical work on Christian theology. Aquinas utilized scriptures and traditions of the Catholic Church as the raw material data of his theology. He believed that these materials were produced by Gods revelation to humans throughout history. In addition, faith and reason are the two fundamental tools, which are necessary for processing and interpreting this raw data of theology with an aim of obtaining the true knowledge of God. Aquinas blends Aristotelian philosophy with Christian theology to argue that God reveals himself to humans through nature. This implies that Gods nature can be studied through rational thinking as well as though the study of nature  [3]  . Aquinas proposed five statements regarding Gods divine qualities from his classical consideration of what God is not. This include: God is simple, He is devoid of matter or form or even body and soul; God is perfect, deficient of nothing; God is infinite, He is unlimited as He created all things, but humans are limited being, physically, rationally, and emotionally; God is immutable, inept of change with regard to His in nature and character; and God is one, His essence is the same as His existence. Aquinas also pioneered the Principle of Double Effect when it comes to ethical decisions. According to this principle, when an otherwise justifiable act such as self-defense is likely to cause an effect, then one may basically be obliged to avoid it for example if it results to the death of another  [4]  . Modern philosophy is a reaction in favor or against Aquinass views As outlined above, Thomas Aquinas has shaped modern worlds philosophy especially when it comes to theology and ethical philosophy. At large, modern worlds philosophy began in the sixteenth century; but nobodys system of philosophy has entirely corresponded to everybodys perception of certainty; bit to what, if set aside for mens perception, common men may not agree on what is common sense. Against all this, St. Thomass philosophy distinctively stands based on the universal common conviction that supports brotherhood of men, in their common consciousness that, all things attested by the ability of the senses originate from God  [5]  . Rene Descartess argument Rene Descartes is regarded as the Father of Modern Philosophy. Descartess system of thought depicts a major break away from all previous philosophical systems, mainly, away from Aristotle and Aquinas philosophy. For example, unlike Aquinas, a proponent for the tabula rasa model of the human mind (At birth, the human mind resembles a blank recording device and as one grows it records data from sensory experience), Descartes posited that human beings are born with innate thoughts and ideas, these ideas exist in their minds even at birth  [6]  . Further, Thomas Aquinas argued that if humans had innate ideas of Gods existence, then proof of His existence would be inappropriate and faith would be irrelevant as human beings would have direct knowledge and experience of Gods essence and nature. Thus, Descartes was trying to offer the world a philosophy which he thought was compatible with both the new world of science and the convention of Christian faith. However, his philosophy was hi deous to the Church. As a result, in the same way the Roman Catholic Church had condemned Galileo in 1633, thirty years later, it added Descartes work on its Index of proscribed reading material. John Lockes argument John Locke, an advanced philosopher of the seventeenth-century, effectively presents his argument against Descartes innate ideas, in a manner that is similar to that of Aquinas. Locke criticize Descartes claim that God must exist based on Descartes idea of God in his mind even though he (Descartes) has disconnected his mind from his senses. Locke argued that, holding such a claim is the same as believing that millions of gods must exist just because millions of different minds have ideas of millions of different gods. However, Locke used Descartes argument that in order to have a clear and distinctive idea of something one must have a clear understanding of that which they are having an idea about. Locke uses scripture to argue that in the Bible, no other belief clearly distinguishes a believer from an unbeliever except the belief that, Jesus is the Messiah, and He (Jesus), is able to save everyone who formed this belief with no requirement of other beliefs whatsoever  [7]  . Immanuel Kant argument From research, it is clear that St. Thomas Aquinas and Immanuel Kant were born almost half a millennium apart and, on the exterior, the styles of argumentation of the two philosopher and their broad approaches to philosophy emerge as being equally distinct from each other; nevertheless, both philosophers aimed to congeal the essential knowledge of God. Kants metaphysics legitimately attempted to develop a kind of critical science that would guarantee the truth of knowledge. Similarly, Aquinas succeeded in arguing that some of the worlds most closely held beliefs can be justified in the course of rational thinking; exclusively, he tried to generate a wide-ranging argument in favor of the Gods existence, which supports the most central doctrines of the Catholic Church. Comparing Thomas Aquinas to Kent, one can argue that Thomas was more ensconced in the conventional hierarchy of the Catholic Church and interpretations of Gods existence than Immanuel Kant. Thomas main focus was placed u pon the issues and concerns regarding the relationship between God and man, in as well as the relationship between God and the natural world. Basically, he aimed at investigating the various aspects of the world that casts doubt to the existence of God, and as a result, why Gods existence is questioned so often. Ultimately, Aquinas writings would then be adopted as the accepted books of theology for the Catholic Church, and consequently, would strongly possess a kind of stigma for either those who were not Christians or not Catholics, especially after the protestant reorganization. Indisputably, in as much as, Aquinas arguments were definitely rational. This implies that, he purposed to draw an abstract of claims regarding the nature of God and mankind by examining physical anomalies. This distinguished him strongly from most of the modern philosophers, particularly with regard to the fact that he supposed that true faith required rational investigation; however, it made him similar to Immanuel Kant, who also believed that faith in God and salvation require critical analysis. Aquinass impact on the Catholic Churchs philosophy Aquinas believed that Gods existence is neither patently obvious nor is it beyond proof. In the Summa Theologica, Aquinas outlines five rational proofs (quinquae viae) for the existence of God, these include: God is an unmoved mover (ex motu), as everything that is moved is moved by God, the source of all motion. God is the cause of all things; this is argued though the argument of the first cause (ex causa), where everything that is caused is caused by God. Through the argument from contingency, Aquinas argues that Gods existence is not contingent of any other being. But the universe contains contingent beings as something cannot come of nothing. God is the pinnacle of perfection; it is from this lesser degrees of perfection derive their meaning. This is outlined in the argument from degree. The final argument is the teleological argument, also known as the argument from design (ex fine). According to this argument, all natural bodies in the world are in themselves unintelligent, and are guided by God to act towards ends rationally. Aquinas understood that Jesus Christ was ultimately divine and He (Jesus Christ) is not simply a human being or merely God in humanly inhabiting the body of Christ. Nonetheless, Aquinas posited that Christ also had a justly cogent human soul, resulting in a duality of natures that endured even after Incarnation. In essence, these two natures existed concurrently yet distinctively in a single existent human body. Aquinas is also credited for defining the four cardinal virtues: prudence, temperance, justice and fortitude. For these values, Aquinas held that they are revealed by nature and are and necessary for everyone. Further, he highlighted three theological virtues; faith, hope and charity, which are the chiefest, supernatural and distinctive from other virtues as their object is God. Furthermore, Aquinas distinguished four kinds of law: natural law-discovered by reason, eternal law- Gods decree that governs all creation), human law-natural law as applied by governments and institutions and divine law-this is specifically revealed in the scriptures  [8]  . According to St. Thomas Aquinas, the ultimate goal of human existence is to find eternal union and fellowship with God. He believes in life after death for those who have experienced Christs salvation and redemption while living on earth. The Incarnation is an adorable vision which will be granted to Christians as a perfect and everlasting happiness through understanding of the very quintessence of God. Thus, during an individuals existence on the earth, their life must be inclined toward right things such as peace, holiness and charity.

Personal Narrative- Cousins Death :: Personal Narrative Essays

Personal Narrative- Cousin's Death It is amazing how many things we take for granted. We make plans for the day, and don't think twice about how those plans can be taken away in the blink of an eye. I never thought much about it myself, until I was faced with the shock, and undeniable truth of my cousin's death. I don't think anyone really thinks about tragedy until they are actually faced with shocking news. My mom had been going to school in Greeley and staying at my Aunt Margaret's house . She had been away for two weeks and wanted to come home for the Fourth of July weekend. My mom had suggested that I go back with her and visit colleges, shop, go to movies and just spend time together. I had been feeling pretty sorry for myself since she had been gone. I had been working alot as a maid and helping my dad run the house, I was getting very irritated with my siblings as I felt that I was the only family member doing my part to help my dad. I was really excited to have a week with my mom to myself. The whole ride over we were talking about what I wanted to do that week. Making plans and having "me time" seemed very important at the time. I woke up Tuesday morning excited for the day I was going to spend with my mom. I was sitting at the kitchen table drinking fresh coffee listening to my mom and aunt tease and joke around about how paranoid my mom was about doing well in her classes, my aunt was telling her that maybe now that I was there, she would relax a little bit and have some fun. Our plan was to go to one of mom's classes with her, and then on a tour of UNC and then we were going to go to dinner and a movie. We were interrupted by a phone call from my dad. My mom was still joking and in a silly mood when she started talking to my dad. Suddenly the conversation turned from joking to dead silence and my mom started crying. She tearfully asked, "Is she ok? Was she alone?" I was thinking my sister went riding and fell off her horse or that something had happened to my grandma.

Represents human nature Essay

The conscious decisions of people to act upon negative emotions, damages and ultimately destroys our relationships with fellow human beings. Gray explores this idea through ‘Poem to my Father’, a personal and confessional letter directed towards the persona’s father, whom is believed to be Gray’s father; a man who neglected Gray as a child as a result of his drinking, indifference and gambling. The persona believes that his father destroyed the paternal relationship and represents this through emotive language and words with negative connotations evoking emptiness and disconnection within ‘Poem to my Father’. ‘In you, now signifying nothing;†¦ That’s all there is to say. ’ The word ‘nothing’ displays the completeness of the disconnection while ‘all’ connotes an all-consuming idea. Thus when used together create the idea of all-consuming disconnection between the persona and his father. (Can talk about the use of punctuation. Full stop creates finality. )Gray contrasts the elements of nature with human nature in order to show humanity’s intrinsic destructive nature. This juxtaposition reveals the idea of nature destructing for replenishment, whereas humanity destructs subconsciously for satisfaction and self-fulfillment. Consequently the issue highlighted is that of human nature not allowing for complete satisfaction, resulting in a cycle of destruction for both the individual and the environment. Gray’s poem ‘Flames and Dangling Wire’ vividly explores the destruction of the natural environment due to humanity’s actions. ‘It is a man, wiping his eyes. Someone who worked here would have to weep†¦ Knowing all that he does about us, how can he avoid a hatred of men? ’ The imperative and emotive language tugs upon the reader’s heartstrings as the guilt of this man is placed upon the reader. The harsh imagery used earlier in the poem cumulates until this point of the poem, when responsibility is seen through the man’s pain. As a responder to the text, I believe that Gray recognizes this man’s innocence individually, as he tries to help through his work. Yet this man is still seen to be feeling the pain caused by the destruction of the environment, reflecting humanity’s responsibility as a whole and not simply a portion of the population. Gray therefore uses the didactic nature of his work to impart his value placed on the respect and protection of the environment. The selfishness of man is seen in the tenth stanza. ‘This is how it shall be after men have gone. It will be made of things that worked. ’ The future tense of this stanza assists in creating textual integrity and understanding within the poem. No matter the context of the reader, the future tense causes them to reflect upon their actions, furthering Gray’s didacticism within the text. The one phrase reflecting on the past within the stanza however, is ‘made of things that worked’. The idea portrayed by Gray is one of comparison. He compares the things ‘that worked’ – human’s creations which they have dumped – to nature’s creations and processes – things that will continue to work. Thus the comparison used by Gray is effective in exemplifying humanity’s short-term view and ultimately the intrinsic and often subconscious nature of destruction.

Financing Value Chains a Case of Crdb Bank Plc Essays

Financing Value Chains a Case of Crdb Bank Plc Essays Financing Value Chains a Case of Crdb Bank Plc Essay Financing Value Chains a Case of Crdb Bank Plc Essay Essay Topic: Chains â€Å"DEVELOPING AND FINANCING EFFECTIVE AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAINS† Experience from CRDB Bank Plc Samson Keenja, CRDB Microfinance Services Company Limited, Dar es salaam, Tanzania INTRODUCTION Agriculture is the leading economic sector in Tanzania, providing a livelihood to 80% of the population. It is the primary source of food and raw materials accounting for 50% of the GDP and a leading export sector. It remains important for achieving sustained growth, poverty reduction and rural development. Agriculture in Tanzania is dominated by smallholder farmers (peasants) cultivating an average farm sizes of between 0. 9 hectares and 3. 0 hectares each. About 70 percent of Tanzania’s crop area is cultivated by hand hoe, 20 percent by ox plough and 10 percent by tractor. It is rain fed agriculture. Food crop production dominates the agriculture economy 5. 1 million ha. are cultivated annually, of which 85 percent is under food crops. The major constraints facing the Agriculture sector includes. 1. The falling labour and land productivity due to application of poor technology. 2. Dependence on unreliable and irregular weather conditions. Crops are adversely affected by periodical droughts. 3. Unreliable markets for the farm produce, affected not only by the principles of demand and supply but also by the Government policies on food security. 4. Poor road infrastructure for supply of farm inputs and transportation of farm produce to the markets. In Tanzania, most of production, processing and marketing functions have been assigned to the private sector. : However despite efforts by the private sector in investing in processing of crops yet a substantial amount of crops are sold unprocessed including crops such as cashew nuts and cotton. Agricultural value chains are becoming more complex over time due to change in the market environment driven by various factors among them being changes in demand, regulations, government policies and changes in lifestyles. As a result of these changes then product and market standards change which in turn, require changes from various actors in the chain that supply these products including their inputs to meet arket requirements. A critical input in the business of creating value in these changing agricultural chains is finance. Financial products need to also respond to the changing market requirements in the output markets. Mechanisms in terms of improving effectiveness of financial products, access and repayment need to be examined (Southeast Asian Regional Conference Value Chain Financing, 2007). What is a value chain? In order for a product to reach the consumer or user, there often are many processes or steps involved. Each step must have a direct link to the next in order for the processes to form a viable chain. At each stage, some additional transformation or enhancement is made to the product. Hence, a value chain is often defined as the sequence of value-adding activities, from production to consumption, through processing and commercialization. Value chains, or supply chains, in agriculture can be thought of as a â€Å"farm to fork† set of processes and flows – from the inputs to production to processing, marketing and the consumer. Each segment of a chain has one or more backward and forward linkages. A chain is only as strong as its weakest link and hence the stronger the links, the more secure is the flow of products and services within the chain (Calvin Miller and Carlos da Silva, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome) Value chain in summary: [pic] Source: Paper on â€Å"Value Chain Financing in Agriculture† by Calvin Miller and Carlos da Silva FINANCING EFFECTIVE AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAINS Finance is critical to increasing efficiency, improving product quality, and raising the productivity and income of value chain actors. Without access to finance, small farmers will continue to make little investment, have low of actors in the agricultural value chains financed by CRDB Bank; 1. INPUTS PRODUCTION: AMCOS, FARMER GROUPS, SACCOS, UNIONS and small to medium agribusiness entities. . PROCESSING: CURING COMPANIES, GINNERY COMPANIES and CASHEWNUTS PROCESSORS. 3. DISTRIBUTION: Loans to meet (1) transportation cost of inputs to farmers (2) meeting transport costs of harvested produces to factories, storage areas or market place. DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAINS CRDB Bank has been participating in developing effective agricultural value chains through variety of ways. In an effort to offer better services to our clients, special departments and in other case establishment of a dedicated Company to serve certain type of clients has been established. Our agriculture customers who fall in the value chain are normally segmented in the following categories (1) Microfinance customers (2) SME’s customers and (3) Corporate customers. In all three segments above, efforts are made by the bank into ensuring that there is effective agricultural value chain that address default risks while in turn reduce production unit cost, increase production volume while strives to add value in the chain. Activities that are aimed into attaining this are: ? Engage in promotion and establishment of various farmer cooperative societies such as AMCOS, SACCOS and UNIONS. Provision of technical assistance to these associations ? Assist in product designing ? Infrastructures loans such as for building irrigation system, warehouses and office buildings. ? Training and coaching our customers plus their staffs SAVINGS AND CREDIT COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES (SACCOS) are exclusively served by the CRDB Microfinance services Company Ltd, a subsidiary of CRDB Bank P lc that has been established specifically to serve micro-entrepreneurs through financial intermediaries. To develop the MFI the Company undertakes sensitization of the communities to establish microfinance institutions in areas with demand for financial services but without a financial institution. On the other hand, it takes onboard weak local microfinance institutions, building their capacities to offer tailor made products and services that really address the needs of their communities. The Microfinance Institutions, benefits by receiving free: 1. Technical assistance 2. Capacity building 3. Marketing as well as 4. Product design assistance. On the other, hand the Company initiate and manage microfinance loans on behalf of the Bank. These loans include agriculture loans (for farm inputs and cultivation), equipment loans for powertillers, tractors and irrigation systems, stock finance loans and office building loans. The Company has a team of dedicated staffs who are responsible for providing technical assistance to the affiliate intermediary institutions on regular basis, capacity building assistance and marketing assistance. They are also responsible for guiding the MFIs in accessing banks products and services. Farmer’s Groups, AMCOS, UNIONS, Company’s and Individuals engaged in agricultural activities are served by two departments of the Bank depending on their size  and credit requirement. Those departments are the Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) and Corporate Department. Customers served by SME are those with loan requirement of up to TZS 200 million. Customers with loan requirement above that amount are served through the Corporate Department of the bank. It has been realized through experience that capacity building before lending especially to those taking loans for the first time is vital for effective utilization and management of the loans. Therefore, training is conducted to the beneficiaries to improve their entrepreneurial skills but also in business management to ensure loan repayment. . CRDB FINANCING TO DIFFERENT ACTORS [pic] EXAMPLES OF PRODUCT AND SERVICES OFFERED BY CRDB BANK TO ACTORS IN DIFFERENT VALUE CHAINS Examples of products and services offered by CRDB Bank Plc to various agricultural value chains: A) PADDY VALUE CHAIN S/N |VALUE CHAIN STAGE |PRODUCTS/ SERVICES OFFERED | |1 |Crop production |Farm development loans | | | |Farm maintenance loans | | | |Powertiller/tractor loans | |2 |Storage |Stock finance loans | |3 |Processing |Loans to millers | |4 |Distribution |Loans to cover transportation costs | | | |Crops purchase loans | | | |Loans to buy transportation vehicles | B) COFFEE VALUE CHAIN: S/N |VALUE CHAIN STAGE |PRODUCTS/ SERVICES OFFERED | |1 |Crop production |Farm development loans | | | |Farm maintenance loans | |2 |Processing |Loans to curing companies | |3 |Distribution |Loans to cover transportation costs | | | |Crops purchase loans | | | |Loans to buy transportation vehicles | | | |Loans to cover export costs (CIF costs to the buying | | | |country) | | | |Crops purchase | C) SUGARCANES VALUE CHAIN: S/N |VALUE CHAIN STAGE |PRODUCTS/ SERVICES OFFERED | |1 |Crop production |Farm development loans | | | |Farm maintenance loans | |2 |Harvesting |Loans to purchase harvesting equipments e. g cane loaders | | | |Loans to buy transportation vehicles to ship canes from | | | |farms to factories | |3 |Processing |Loans to sugar factories | |4 |Distribution |Loans under SME to distributors who sells sugar to retailers| D) TOBACCO VALUE CHAIN: S/N |VALUE CHAIN STAGE |PRODUCTS/ SERVICES OFFERED | |1 |Crop production |Inputs purchase loans | |2 |Harvesting |Burns constructions loans | |3 | Processing |Loans to tobacco factories | [pic] SOME NOTED CASES ON IMPACT OF FINANCING THE VALUE CHAINS Sugarcane Financing Bank has been financing sugarcane production in various stages of the value chain from production to delivery at factory. One example is that of financing farmers at Turiani ward in Morogoro region through their TUR SACCOS by providing them with loans for farm development, maintenance and transportation to factory. The result of financing in the past seven years has been remarkable as shown in the table below. It will be noted that between 2007 and 2008 there was a rapid increase in all aspects of production, this was contributed by the decision by the Company to finance farmers (through their group) to purchase grab loaders equipment to facilitate harvesting of sugarcane. As in the previous years, not all sugarcanes from outgrowers farmers were being harvested to due lack of equipment despite higher demand from factory. This was causing farmers to lose their crops and those who harvested late after start of the rain season obtained lower renderment and thus lower returns. |SUGARCANE PRODUCTION TREND AS A RESULT OF SACCOS FINANCING TO OUTGROWERS- TUR SACCOS | |   |   |2002 |2003 | |1 |Price during Harvest (100kgs) |35,000 |100 | |2 |Price at selling time after storage(100kgs) |70,000 | | |5 |Production per acre before WRS (tons) |1. 6 |100 | |6 |Production per acre after WRS (tons) |3 | | SECTOR WISE DISTRIBUTION OF CRDB BANK PLC LOAN PORTFOLIO Agriculture and Livestock constitute the largest portion of the CRDB Bank Loan portfolio with 21%, however by considering financing of the value chain then three sectors will be involved of microfinance, manufacturing/processing and agriculture with a percentage of about 34%. CONCLUSION Through financing the agriculture value chain by considering the different actors from small farmers to corporate agribusinesses it is possible to overcome the challenges o f agriculture in a country. This can only be possible through innovative approaches to serve the different segments by considering their differences in their activities, finance requirements, understanding of farming business and management of loans. It has also been proved beyond doubt that access to finance to the different actors has helped in reducing production unit cost, increase production volume while adding value in the chain. Corporate PHYSICAL FLOWS SME Corporate CRDB Microfinance Corporate CRDB BANK PLC STORAGE AMCOS. GINNERY COMPANIES AND CASHEWNUT PROCESSORS DISTRIBUTION TRANSPORTERS PROCESSING CURING COMPANIES GINNERY COMPANIES AND CASHEWNUT PROCESSORS INPUTS PRODUCTION AMCOS, FARMERS GROUPS, UNIONS, SACCOS, Agribusiness entities CRDB Microfinance SME

Adelaide Coast (geography) essays

Adelaide Coast (geography) essays Describe and explain the variation of coastal type and of landform along a particular coastline. The length of the particular coastline you choose may be as little as two or three kilometres or as much as several hundred kilometres. The Adelaide metropolitan coastline stretches around 30 kilometres, from Seacliff in the south to Outer Harbor in the North. Whilst the southern end of the coast has notable erosional landforms such as cliffs, wave-cut platforms and shingle beaches, the vast majority of the coastline is depositional. This essay will focus on the depositional sandy beaches and dune systems found along the Adelaide coastline. Much of the Adelaide coastline is made up of wide sandy beaches. Beaches are formed when sand is brought on to the beach by waves. This occurs particularly in the summer months when waves are constructional, as seen in diagram 1. The profile of the beach changes due to tidal and waves variation. In winter, as seen in diagram 2, waves are deconstructional, and the beach profile is lowered, resulting in the formation of a berm. Off shore sandbars develop, and the sand returns to the beach again in summer. Sand is carried on to the beach by waves and along the beach by the movement of longshore drift. Longshore drift carries the sand along the shore in the direction of prevailing wind and is responsible for the build up of sand behind natural features such as headlands, and man-made features such as breakwaters. In diagram 3, the action of longshore drift is shown at Glenelg. Sand is picked up by the waves and moves along the beach in a zig zag motion. The breakwater interrupts the drift and sand is deposited, resulting in a wide sandy beach south of the breakwater, and a spit forming at the end, with North Glenelg being badly starved of sand. The same build up of sand south of the breakwater, and shortage of sand to the north occurs at Outer Harbor. This is because of Adelaides prevailing s ...

Unguarded Gates vs. A Broadway Pageant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unguarded Gates vs. A Broadway Pageant - Essay Example His enthusiasm overshoots his subjects, as Whitman makes references to different races, ethnicities and cultures of the world with poetic grace. This is in sharp contrast with Thomas Aldrichs poem, titled Unguarded Gates, which takes on hues of Xenophobia and White Supremecist attitude. In fact, the poem is so laced with hostility and fear toward other races and cultures that it would shock anyone reading today. It should be noted that not all of Aldrichs poems were like this, which explains why he was considered an important poet during his lifetime. But given that the poem was written toward the end of the nineteenth century and that Aldrich could not have foreseen the occurrence of the two World Wars, his attitude toward other peoples of the world, is more a product of ignorance than one of malice. Even Whitmans poem bears marks of cultural ignorance, a his references to the other exotic parts of the world is clichà ©d and stereotypical. In A Broadway Pageant, the reader can clearly see that Whitmans view of the Orient and beyond is no more than that acquired through postcard pictures and popular trivia. But Whitmans ignorance in this regard does not mitigate against the spirit of the poem, which is one of respect and regard for the cultural outsiders. At the time of Whitmans writing of the poem (circa 1860) the trans-pacific relations between the Orient and the New World was in its inf ancy. It would see its peak in the coming decades, before meeting the nadir during the 1940s, when Japan and the United States were are war. But, despite this temporary setback, it is a testament to the spirit of human solidarity that the two countries have maintained amicable economic relations ever since. This is consistent with the basic theme of A Broadway Pageant. Considering the times we live in, with the phenomenon of economic

International source of finance for india as developing country Dissertation

International source of finance for india as developing country - Dissertation Example The background of this study is to access the need of international sources of finance by India as a developing country. The major cause of underdevelopment in the developing country like India is the shortage of capital. If India depends on its own funds for funding economic development either of the two possibilities comes out. Partial development programs shall be accepted and a low rate of growth will be attained or else people will be required to forfeit to a limit beyond tolerance, which is feasible in an authoritarian state but not in a developing country like India which is a democratic state. So, there is need of international sources of financing in India which is very important for economic development (Hukku, 1989, p.12). Availing of foreign support is not a subject of shame for any country for those who are providing support today had them accepted the same earlier. Almost every developed state has had the support of foreign finance in order to enhance its own inadequate savings during the initial stage of its development. In the initial stages of development significant foreign assistance may be required but slowly foreign support as percentage of development expenses goes on retreating, since the developing nations must gain knowledge of becoming self reliant (Hukku, 1989, pp.12-13). As a developing country, India depends greatly on international sources of financing. The rates of its personal saving are good, as a minimum among the one-third of the population of the country that isn’t living in scarcity. The rapid growth of the economy of India has created much wealth for some people and that wealth is finding the places to grow. Some of it’s discovered its means out of the country, supporting the current wave of overseas acquirements. Rest of them stays home, mostly in Indian banks, accessible for collateralized use. There are various financial institutions and bodies that can fund direct investments in India and they are as follo ws: Overseas Private Investment Corporations, United States Trade and Development Agency, United States Agency for International Development, United Nations, Asian Development Bank, multinational financial aid organizations, bilateral financial aid organizations, local stock markets, and branch offices of foreign banks (Makar, 2010, p.205). This paper will give emphasis on the role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the World Bank in India. Aims and Objectives Aims: The aim of this paper is to explore why there is a need of international sources of finance for India as a developing country and how India use that sources for its own development. Based on background of study and

Positivism and Interpretivism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Positivism and Interpretivism - Essay Example While positivism deals with the ideation of a plan and research concept, interpretivism is a function of perception in the philosophical context. They have been further defined and described in terms of epistemology and ontology as follows. Epistemology: Being related to philosophy, epistemology, through the definition of theories and concepts, depends on the presentation and perception of knowledge. Thus, as far as understanding knowledge is concerned, this field follows a subjective point of view and shares similarities with ontology. With the use of tools for interpretation, the use of epistemology depends on a body of ready to use knowledge rather than new knowledge creation, which gives it an interpretive outlook, making it different from ontology. (Duberley et al, 2000) In order to use various generalisations that have to do with facts, and beliefs, this field makes use of a philosophical perspective with a leaning towards reasoning and logic where findings of analysis need to be justified through statistical means. (Johnson et al, 2000) For example, the use of a LAWSEQ Questionnaire to study the self esteem level of students is the use of epistemology. Ontology: Being more objective in nature than epistemology is the first difference between the two. As ontology depends more on gathering first hand data, it adheres to the positivism approach as far as the use of philosophy and structuring of knowledge is concerned. It comes up with greater depth of research than epistemology due to the fact that it studies the hypothesis from the perspective of new data thus giving it a positivist approach and greater scope. The parameters that arise in this course are also different which give the generalisations a more accurate and deeper ring. (Duberley et al, 2000) (Johnson et al, 2000) For example, the use of literature in order to prove a hypothesis and garner data is based in ontology. Positivism Vs Interpretivism Epistemology and ontology are basically research designs that help in the collection, interpretation and analysis of facts for further presentation. It gives a structure to the vast knowledge base that one deals with during research and is thus philosophical in nature. Positivism and Interpretivism are the philosophical tools that are used in this regard. (Duberley et al, 2000) While ontology uses the objective way out, epistemology tends to incline towards the subjective thus making it more philosophical in nature. Ontology on the other hand that deals with and presents knowledge on the basis of hardcore facts and analysis from scratch. With a more objective outlook, ontology depends on the positivist approach in depicting facts while epistemology depends on using an already existing field of knowledge for analysis. (Lango, 1972) Research areas are better defined with the use of epistemology or the interpretivist point of view due to the fact that it depends on well researched work from the past where the data is simply customised for varied uses by various researchers. The writing and research method are an outcome of the various philosophical perspectives that individual researchers tend to follow. This gives it an interpretivist outlook as it is more subjective in nature. Epistemology manages to make best use of various philosophical perspectives within its research definition and design owing to its interpretivist approach as far as knowledge structuring and philosophy are concerned.

Toy World, Inc. Case Analysis Essay Example for Free

Toy World, Inc. Case Analysis Essay Executive Summary Toy World, Inc. is a company that has been manufacturing toys for children since 1973. Since 1976, the company has enjoyed profitable operations. At the end of 1993, revenue and profit came close to $8 million and $270 thousand respectively. With Jack McClintock as president and Dan Hoffman as production manager, the two have tried to find a strategy to adjust operations to the volatility of the toy market. Sales in the toy market are seasonal, reaching peaks in the months of August through December, while remaining relatively flat during the remaining months of the year. This seasonality has affected the company’s production schedule. During the off season, inventory is low, skilled workers are underutilized, and machinery is left idle. When the busy season finally arrives, Toy World is forced to hire more workers, pay additional overtime wages, and operate at full capacity. Dan Hoffman sees inefficiencies in this schedule and proposes a level production plan that would eliminate overtime wages and fully utilize skilled workers. Under his plan, toys would be manufactured evenly every month, allowing inventory levels to build in the months leading up to the holidays. In addition to using cash, the company must also take on additional loans to compensate for the high inventory levels. In an industry that has relatively low capital requirements, Hoffman’s strategy may increase overall profitability, but it jeopardizes the company’s liquidity. 1. What factors could Mr. McClintock consider in deciding whether or not to adopt the level production plan? The main factors Mr. McClintock should consider when deciding whether or not to adopt the level production plan comes down to the trade off between liquidity and profitability. Given the  highly seasonal nature of the industry, producing goods ahead of time has strong risks associated with it. If management’s projections are incorrect, the company could incur significant inventory write-downs or write offs. Additionally, the company will incur extra costs of storing the inventory that will accumulate in the first half of the year. Further, Mr. McClintock should analyze the differences in amount and timing of the company’s external funding needs under the level production plan, and whether or not the financing needs can be met by the current credit line of $2 million. To assess the impact of these factors, we prepared pro forma financial statements under level production. 2. What savings would be involved? The savings involved in leveling production include reductions in overtime premiums as well as a decrease in additional labor costs. Expenses involved in this production overhaul include increased shipping and handling expenses and an increase in interest expenses. Both of these expenses are a result of having increased inventory levels. Total savings less total expenses from the new production strategy results in positive net savings of $148,000. See Exhibit E. 3. Prepare the pro forma financial statements and estimate the external funding needs required. Income Statement In preparing monthly statements under the level production plan, several adjustments were made to management’s original projections (Exhibit A). Given the annual savings in overtime premiums as well as direct labor, cost of goods sold under level production would be reduced from a constant 70 percent of sales to 65.1 percent of sales. However, this is slightly offset by the annual increase in storage and handling costs, which is accounted for in operating expenses. To determine the interest income, we multiplied the average monthly cash balance by the 4 percent annualized return provided by management. Income taxes remained at 34 percent, arriving at a total net income of $661 for 1994. Balance Sheet The most significant adjustments made to the balance sheet were under inventory, accrued taxes, and notes payable. As is depicted in Exhibit B, we prepared schedules for both accrued taxes as well as inventory. Management provided a specific tax payment schedule, which was subtracted from each month’s income taxes to arrive at ending accrued taxes. As for inventory, beginning inventory plus finished goods completed less cost of goods sold determined each month’s ending inventory. Under level production, the finished goods completed should be constant month over month. We determined this number by dividing the annual cost of goods sold by 12. Finally, notes payable was our plug figure. As this line item represents the company’s existing credit line, it can be further analyzed to assess the company’s amount of added funds required and the timing of the needs under level production. External Funding Needs Toy World Inc. will require large external funding in order to support inventory levels leading up to the holiday season. Toy World currently has a $2 million line of credit with the bank. In order to support the level production plan, we estimate that Toy World will need a line of credit of close to $4 million in the month of September. 4. Compare the liabilities patterns feasible under the alternative production plans. What implications do their differences have for the risk assumed by the various parties? Under the alternative production plans, the timing and amount of funding that Toy World will need to keep up with inventory projections significantly differs. For example, in June, due to the lags of the 60-day collection periods, strong funding will be needed to keep up with the level production. If management moves forward with the current seasonal production plan, they would not take on the further liabilities and maintain lower cash balances in the busy months of September to December. The most significant tradeoffs of the two scenarios are between liquidity, profitability and leverage. If the toys ended up not being as popular as they forecasted, then the various parties would take on the risk of the rising inventories. Toy world would  then have to decide whether or not to hang onto the excess inventory in anticipation of increased demand, or rid themselves of inventory to increase working capital. Either way, this risk, if came to fruition, would be a lose-lose situation for if they hold onto it and demand doesn’t bounce back, then they lost some working capital, but if demand does bounce back, and they have gotten rid of the inventory, they will find themselves unable to keep up with demand. Also, the industry has relatively no barriers to entry so taking on more debt in this volatile industry to increase inventories would be risky as products have short lives and a relatively high rate of company failures. Sensitivity Analysis Given the inherent risks associated with producing toys significantly ahead of time, we decided to conduct a sensitivity analysis around this factor (Exhibit D). Specifically, we assessed the impact of writing off 10 percent of the prior month’s inventory balance. This change would be reflected as a direct reduction in inventory, as well as a corresponding increase in cost of goods sold, resulting in a 382 percent decrease in net income from seasonal production. While 10 percent of total inventory write downs is an extreme downside situation, the key take away is the importance of how accurate management’s projections are. In a level production plan, management will have to begin producing for peak sales periods early on in the year, greatly increasing the risk of inaccurate projections. Therefore, one of the most critical considerations in adopting level production is the confidence in management’s ability to accurately forecast industry trends. Conclusion Despite past profitability and success, our analysis shows that Toy World, Inc. could benefit greatly from an operational restructuring. Adjusting their business model to implement a level production plan in 1994 as opposed to past seasonal production will result in a positive impact on the company’s profitability. However, in order to implement these changes, Toy World, Inc. will need an extension on their line of credit. Further, our sensitivity analysis shows the importance of having strong confidence in management’s projection ability. If the company believes that their  projections will be accurate enough to avoid significant inventory write offs, and can obtain approval for an extension in the line of credit, transitioning to a level production plan will greatly improve profitability and operational efficiency.

Criticisms of Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? By Joyce Oates

A short story by Joyce Carol Oates called â€Å"Where are you going, where have you been?† reflects the writer’s point of view of the way society looked to women in the sixties. The story takes place in the 1960’s when almost everything reached a turning point at that time. It talks about a teenager who wanted boys’ attention, but she ended up leaving her family house with a stranger. Connie represented most teenage girls, and their destiny at that time. The story can be looked at from many different points of view such as feminist, social, psychological and historical (Purdue (OWL)). The time this story had taken place is what makes it important. The story was written when the feminist movement was established, and the American society traditions have turned 180 degrees. The first thing that pops into readers mind when reading the story is that it was written from a 1960’s woman perspective (Showalter page 15). Oates starts to describe the females of the family, and how boring is their life. she tells about June, Connie’s older sister, who was 24 years old and lived at her parents’ house. She worked at Connie’s high school. Many answers would be given for the question why she lived in her parents’ house even though she is old enough to move out (Kurkowski 29). One answer may be because unmarried girls were not allowed to move out regardless of reaching the adulthood. Parents at that time lived the American Dream of â€Å"hearth and home and innocent youth† (Quirk 88). They wanted their kids to live it too. Another one can be that women were not paid enough salary like men were paid to help them support themselves. Both answers shows feminism at that time. When it comes to economic situations and salaries, women were not on the same le... ...lcome to the Purdue OWL." Feminist Criticism. Purdue (OWL), 21 Apr. 2010. Web. 17 Apr. 2014. Paris, Bernard. â€Å"Mimetic Criticism: Reality as Context.† Contexts for Criticism. Ed. Donald Keesey. Mountain View: Mayfield Publishing C, 1987. 226-34. Schulz, Gretchen, and R.J. R. Rockwood. "In Fairyland, without a Map: Connie's Exploration Inward in Joyce Carol Oates's "Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?"" 1980. Literature: Reading, Reacting, Writing. 6th ed. N.p.: Harcourt College, 2007. 155-67. Print. Urbanski, Marie Mitchell Olesen. "Existential Allegory: Joyce Carol Oates's 'Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?'." Studies In Short Fiction 15.2 (1978): 200. Academic Search Complete. Web. 20 Apr. 2014. â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been†, Short Stories for Students. Joyce Carol Oates. Vol. 1. Detroit : Gale, 1966. P. 257 - 276 Print

Essay --

Various meats is a significant source of proteins and fat in most diets. Substantial evidence from research has shown that meat intake, mainly meat, is associated with greater threats of issues including diabetes, cardiac arrest, and some forms of cancer. Numerous research suggest risky of death rate associated with meat intake. However, most of these research have been done in areas with a high amount of vegans (such as the Seventh Day Adventists in the U.S. and some research in Europe). A recent large cohort research with 10 decades of adhere to up discovered that a greater intake of complete meat and prepared meat was connected to risky of death rate. However, this research did not differ prepared and non-processed meat, and eating plan and other factors were only assessed at guideline. Furthermore, no research has so far examined whether replacement of other outlets for meat is connected with a reduced death rate threat. Therefore, they studied the organization between meat intake and complete and cause-specific death rate in two large cohorts with recurring measures of eating plan and up to 28 decades of follow-up: the Wellness Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and Nurses' Wellness Study (NHS). They also approximated the organizations of replacing other sources of proteins for meat with complete and cause-specific death rate. In 1980, a 61 item FFQ was given among the NHS members to gather details on their normal intake of meals and drinks in the past year. In 1984, 1986, 1990, 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006, almost the same but extended FFQs with 131 to 166 products were sent to these members to update their eating plan plan. Using the extended FFQ employed in the NHS, nutritional information was collected every 4 years starti... ... and veggies. Unprocessed and prepared meat intake was moderately relevant (0.40 in HPFS and 0.37 in NHS). However, meat intake was less relevant with intake of chicken or seafood. During the follow-up, meat intake declined in both men and ladies. For example, the common intake of natural meat came down from .75 to .63 servings per day from 1986 to 2006 in men, and dropped down from 1.10 to 0.55 servings per day from 1980 to 2006 in women. In conclusion, they discovered that a greater intake of natural and prepared meat is associated with a greater death rate threat. In contrast to meat, other nutritional elements, such as seafood, chicken, nut products, beans, low-fat milk products and whole grains, were associated with a reduced threat. These outcomes indicate that replacement of meat with substitute healthier nutritional elements may reduce the death rate threat.